Kava dermopathy

什么是卡瓦？

卡瓦工厂是黑胡椒家族的成员（Piper methysticum）传统上用于南太平洋以制造一个psychotropic在文化仪式中消耗的饮料以及社交 - 饮料也被称为Kava [1-3]。

Kava is made by infusing the dried roots of the kava plant in water, or less commonly, in coconut milk [2].

卡瓦叶Forest & Kim Starr	Kava root byMark Heard on Flickr	Preparing kava byDave Lonsdale on Flickr

什么是卡瓦dermopathy?

Kava Dermopathy是一种皮肤病，发生在经常消耗Kava [1]的患者中。在斐济，Kava Dermopathy被称为Kanikani [2]，而在澳大利亚，它也被称为鳄鱼皮[4]。

在Kava饮酒者中获得了Ichthyosis

Who gets kava dermopathy?

Kava dermopathy occurs in people who are regular or heavy consumers of kava [2,3].

最常发生在南太平洋和北北部土着人口[4]。

What causes kava dermopathy?

The cause of kava dermopathy is unknown; however, there are many hypotheses including [2]:

• 干扰cholesterol代谢
• Accumulation of kavalactones or flavopigments
• Allergicsystemiccontact皮炎
• Defective cytochrome P450enzymes[4].

What are the clinical features of kava dermopathy?

• Therashfrom kava dermopathy often begins on head, face and neck, and gradually becomes moregeneralised[4].
• The rash is ichthyosiform (resemblingIchthyosis); that is, rough, dry and鳞片状的。
• The秤arepolygonal在形状。
• The rash lackserythema[2].
• 我t may be more evident in areas of skin exposed to the sun [3].
• There is often associatedpalmoplantarkeratoderma[2].
• Facial swelling and头发lossmay also occur [3].
• Some patients complain offlushing。
• Kava Dermopathy可能有一个相关的外围神经病, resulting in numb or tingling hands and feet.

Kava Dermopathy如何被诊断出来？

Kava dermopathy is usually a clinical diagnosis, taking into account the physical features and the history, including a history of regular kava consumption, in addition to the resolution of the rash on thecessation卡瓦消费[4]。

What is thedifferential diagnosisKava Dermopathy？

Other ichthyotic disorders may appear similar to kava dermopathy. Ichthyotic disorders can be distinguished based on the patient’s history.

我nheritedIchthyosiswill usually occur at a much younger age and may becongenital(eg,清晰度病变寻常症和recessive X-linked ichthyosis).

Other causes of acquired ichthyosis include [5]:

• Malignancy
• Abnormalityof vitamin andlipidabsorption
• 药物（例如，降胆固醇降低药物，烟酸）
• 我nfections, such as人类免疫缺陷病毒 （HIV),leprosy, humanT-celllymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1).

What is the treatment for kava dermopathy?

当停止Kava的消耗停止时，Kava Dermopathy清除了[3,4]。

General measures to manage the rash include:

• Soap-freecleanser
• Emollients和克拉特解毒, such as尿素cream。

What is the outcome for kava dermopathy?

Ongoing kava consumption will result inpersistence和likely progression of kava dermopathy.